Figure. Results of a survey completed by members of the Clerkship Directors of Emergency Medicine. a, Combined answers to the questions “To what simulation modalities are students exposed in the emergency medicine (EM) clerkship?” and “To what simulation modalities are students exposed during preclinical years?” b, Respondents’ perceived barriers to further implementation of simulation in the EM clerkship. c, Respondents’ perceived barriers to further implementation of simulation in preclinical medical student education.